Abstract

Background: Genetic polymorphisms at the LPA locus may be associated with lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of the rs3798220 polymorphism and its association with Lp(a) levels in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study of 77 ACS patients at Tay Ninh General Hospital and Xuyen A Tay Ninh General Hospital (June 2025-January 2026); genotyping by realtime-PCR and Lp(a) by immunoturbidimetric assay.

Results: The C-allele frequency was 9.7%; 80.5% had the TT genotype, 19.5% TC, and none CC; the population was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p = 0.64). Median Lp(a) was 31.5 mg/dL [IQR: 12.7-90.6]; 37.7% had Lp(a) > 50 mg/dL. Lp(a) did not differ between TT and TC groups (p = 0.54), and the C allele was not independently associated with Lp(a) (β = −0.17; p = 0.63). Male sex was the only factor associated with Lp(a) on univariate analysis (β = +0.57; p = 0.033).

Conclusions: In the present study, no significant association was observed between the rs3798220 polymorphism and Lp(a) levels in Vietnamese patients with acute coronary syndrome. Nevertheless, larger studies are needed to validate these findings and clarify the potential role of this variant in determining Lp(a) concentrations.