Abstract

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of hyperparathyroidism and factors associated with it in kidney transplant patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 300 kidney transplant patients examined at Hue Central Hospital from August 2025 to November 2025.

Results: The prevalence of hyperparathyroidism after kidney transplantation was 41.7%; tertiary hyperparathyroidism was 8.0%. The prevalence of hyperparathyroidism increased progressively with pre-transplant dialysis time: < 12 months: 28.3%, 12 - 23 months: 38.8%, 24 - 35 months: 50.0%, ≥ 36 months: 63.5%. Pre-transplant dialysis time, calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D levels were factors associated with the prevalence of hyperparathyroidism after kidney transplantation. With a cutoff time > 12 months, kidney transplant patients with pre-transplant treatment > 12 months were associated with post-transplant hyperparathyroidism, with a sensitivity of 66.4%, a specificity of 64.0%, AUC = 0.687, and p < 0.001.

Conclusion: Hyperparathyroidism is common after kidney transplantation. Whether secondary or tertiary hyperparathyroidism, controlling hyperparathyroidism is essential