Abstract

One of the serious consequences of hospital-acquired infections (HAI) is the increasing number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, especially in cases of antibiotics overuse. Antibiotic resistance is now a global problem.
Objective: Describe characteristics of causative agent of hospital associated infections in the National Hospital of Pediatrics from December, 2014 to May, 2015. Describe antibiotic susceptibility of the isolated causative agent of HAIs.
Method: A longitudinal prospective study on 321 patients with HAI in the National Hospital of Pediatrics. HAI were diagnosed by clinical information and microbiologic results. Data were analysed by software SPSS 16.0.
Results: 321 strains which cause HAI were isolated. Predominant of HAIs was hospital associated pneumonia (HAP – 41.7%). It was high percentage of gram-negative strain cause HAIs as P.aeruginosa (23.1%); A.baumannii (20.9%); K.pneumoniae (18.4%), Candida spp (8.1%), E. coli (8.1%). These cephalosporin 2, 3 and 4 generations have been resisted by almost bacteria that cause HAIs. About 50% of bacteria resisted to Carbapenem group. Fluoroquinolones showed good sensitivity to these strains. No recorded cases of S. aureus resist to Vancomycin and no A.baumannii resist to Colistin. There were number of Candida spp resist to 5-Fluzocytoxin (9.1%) while the other antifungal drugs was 7.7%.